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09003284-n:
a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991
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09002814-n:
a former empire in eastern Europe and northern Asia created in the 14th century with Moscow as the capital; powerful in the 17th and 18th centuries under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great when Saint Petersburg was the capital; overthrown by revolution in 1917
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09006413-n:
a federation in northeastern Europe and northern Asia; formerly Soviet Russia; since 1991 an independent state
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00356926-a:
typical or distinctive
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02676054-v:
be relevant to
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05984936-n:
all the knowledge and values shared by a society
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06282651-n:
a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols
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01269857-n:
a decisive battle during the Napoleonic campaigns (1805); the French under Napoleon defeated the Russian armies of Czar Alexander I and the Austrian armies of Emperor Francis II
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01288795-n:
a decisive naval battle in the War of Greek Independence (1827); the Turkish and Egyptian fleet was defeated by an allied fleet of British and French and Russian warships
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01298162-n:
a naval battle in the Russo-Japanese War (1905); the Japanese fleet defeated the Russian fleet in the Korean Strait
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02766168-n:
a woman's headscarf folded into a triangle and tied under the chin; worn by Russian peasant women
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03158186-n:
Russian country house
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03467887-n:
a Russian prison camp for political prisoners
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03628511-n:
citadel of a Russian town
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03628590-n:
citadel of Moscow, housing the offices of the Russian government
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03847471-n:
a dome that is shaped like a bulb; characteristic of Russian and Byzantine church architecture
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04290615-n:
a Russian artificial satellite
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04486616-n:
a Russian carriage pulled by three horses abreast
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06234415-n:
a form of Hasidism practiced by Lithuanian and Russian Jews under communist rule; the beliefs and practices of the Lubavitch movement
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06541301-n:
an edict of the Russian tsar
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06658545-n:
an economic policy adopted in the former Soviet Union; intended to increase automation and labor efficiency but it led eventually to the end of central planning in the Russian economy
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07584423-n:
a Russian or Polish soup usually containing beet juice as a foundation
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07640844-n:
Russian pancake of buckwheat flour and yeast; usually served with caviar and sour cream
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07862770-n:
a Russian dish made with patties of ground meat (mixed with onions and bread and milk) and served with a sauce of sour cream
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07987135-n:
a modern Russian triumvirate
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08157672-n:
the Russian imperial line that ruled from 1613 to 1917
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08485830-n:
an administrative agency of the Russian government
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09002630-n:
the medieval Russian state established by Scandinavian traders in the 9th century; the capital was first in Novgorod and then in Kiev
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09003918-n:
a Russian principality in the 13th to 16th centuries; Moscow was the capital
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09004625-n:
an autonomous republic in southwestern Russia in the northern Caucasus Mountains bordering on Georgia; declared independence from the USSR in 1991 but Russian troops invaded and continue to prosecute a relentless military campaign in the largely Muslim republic
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09008454-n:
a city in the European part of Russia; 2nd largest Russian city; located at the head of the Gulf of Finland; former capital of Russia
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09014979-n:
a republic in southeastern Europe; formerly a European soviet; the center of the original Russian state which came into existence in the ninth century
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09056278-n:
a town in southeastern Alaska that was the capital of Russian America and served as the capital of Alaska from 1867 until 1906
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09213254-n:
a sea in northern Europe; stronghold of the Russian navy
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09728850-n:
a member of the chief stock of Russian people living in European Russia; used to distinguish ethnic Russians from other peoples incorporated into Russia
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09863936-n:
a Russian member of the left-wing majority group that followed Lenin and eventually became the Russian communist party
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10309147-n:
a Russian member of the liberal minority group that advocated gradual reform and opposed the Bolsheviks before and during the Russian Revolution
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10342770-n:
a Russian peasant (especially prior to 1917)
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10831483-n:
Russian anarchist; ally and later opponent of Karl Marx (1814-1876)
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10837737-n:
Russian dancer and choreographer who migrated to the United States (born in 1948)
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10853628-n:
Russian poet (1880-1921)
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(rgloss)
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10858333-n:
Russian composer (1833-1887)
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10894652-n:
Russian dramatist whose plays are concerned with the difficulty of communication between people (1860-1904)
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10933449-n:
Russian ballet impresario who founded the Russian ballet and later introduced it to the West (1872-1929)
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10940669-n:
Russian novelist who wrote of human suffering with humor and psychological insight (1821-1881)
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10953473-n:
Russian novelist (1891-1967)
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10955483-n:
Russian film maker who pioneered the use of montage and is considered among the most influential film makers in the history of motion pictures (1898-1948)
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10964829-n:
Russian goldsmith noted for creating a series of jeweled and enameled Easter eggs for European royalty (1846-1920)
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11002422-n:
Russian composer (1804-1857)
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(rgloss)
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11004333-n:
Russian writer who introduced realism to Russian literature (1809-1852)
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11008870-n:
Russian writer of plays and novels and short stories; noted for his depiction of social outcasts
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11060937-n:
Russian concert pianist who was a leading international virtuoso (1904-1989)
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11075021-n:
grand duke of Muscovy whose victories against the Tartars laid the basis for Russian unity (1440-1505)
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11075352-n:
Russian choreographer (1834-1905)
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11096338-n:
Russian painter who was a pioneer of abstract art (1866-1944)
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11096991-n:
Russian chess master who was world champion from 1975 until 1985 when he was defeated by Gary Kasparov (born in 1951)
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11097208-n:
Russian dancer who danced with Nijinsky (1885-1978)
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11102144-n:
Russian revolutionary who was head of state after Nicholas II abdicated but was overthrown by the Bolsheviks (1881-1970)
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11103648-n:
Russian composer (born in Armenia) whose works are romantic and reflect his interest in folk music (1903-1978)
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(rgloss)
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11109289-n:
Russian chess master (born in 1931)
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11111194-n:
Russian anarchist (1842-1921)
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11113077-n:
Russian field marshal who commanded the Russian opposition to Napoleon (1745-1813)
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11126490-n:
Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924)
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11129017-n:
Russian writer (1814-1841)
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(rgloss)
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11136622-n:
Russian mathematician who independently discovered non-Euclidean geometry (1792-1856)
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(rgloss)
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11151436-n:
Russian abstract painter (1878-1935)
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(rgloss)
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11153615-n:
Russian poet who died in a prison camp (1891-1938)
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(rgloss)
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11157275-n:
Russian mathematician (1856-1922)
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(rgloss)
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11166732-n:
Soviet poet; leader of Russian futurism (1893-1930)
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11173475-n:
Russian chemist who developed a periodic table of the chemical elements and predicted the discovery of several new elements (1834-1907)
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11177151-n:
Russian bacteriologist in France who formulated the theory of phagocytosis (1845-1916)
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(rgloss)
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11198375-n:
Russian composer of operas and orchestral works (1839-1881)
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(rgloss)
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11207585-n:
Russian dancer considered by many to be the greatest dancer of the 20th century (1890-1950)
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11210610-n:
Russian dancer who was often the partner of Dame Margot Fonteyn and who defected to the United States in 1961 (born in 1938)
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11224654-n:
Russian writer whose best known novel was banned by Soviet authorities but translated and published abroad (1890-1960)
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11227206-n:
Russian physiologist who observed conditioned salivary responses in dogs (1849-1936)
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11227400-n:
Russian ballerina (1882-1931)
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11246718-n:
Russian physicist whose research into ways of moving electrons around atoms led to the development of masers and lasers for producing high-intensity radiation (1916-2002)
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11247002-n:
Russian composer of ballets and symphonies and operas (1891-1953)
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(rgloss)
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11249191-n:
Russian poet (1799-1837)
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11249322-n:
Russian statesman chosen as president of the Russian Federation in 2000; formerly director of the Federal Security Bureau (born in 1952)
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11254683-n:
Siberian peasant monk who was religious advisor in the court of Nicholas II; was assassinated by Russian noblemen who feared that his debauchery would weaken the monarchy (1872-1916)
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(rgloss)
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11262929-n:
Russian composer of operas and orchestral works; often used themes from folk music (1844-1908)
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(rgloss)
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11273286-n:
Russian composer and pianist (1829-1894)
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(rgloss)
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11278498-n:
Soviet physicist and dissident; helped develop the first Russian hydrogen bomb; advocated nuclear disarmament and campaigned for human rights (1921-1989)
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(rgloss)
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11289830-n:
Russian composer of orchestral and piano music (1872-1915)
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(rgloss)
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11299030-n:
Russian composer best known for his fifteen symphonies (1906-1975)
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(rgloss)
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11309772-n:
Russian chess master who moved to Paris; world champion from 1969 to 1972 (born in 1937)
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(rgloss)
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11312120-n:
Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)
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11312709-n:
Russian actor and theater director who trained his actors to emphasize the psychological motivation of their roles (1863-1938)
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11330228-n:
Russian physicist (1895-1971)
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(rgloss)
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11331669-n:
Russian filmmaker (1932-1986)
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(rgloss)
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11333762-n:
important Russian composer whose works are noted for their expressive melodies (1840-1893)
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11345378-n:
Russian author remembered for two great novels (1828-1910)
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(rgloss)
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11349318-n:
Russian revolutionary and Communist theorist who helped Lenin and built up the army; he was ousted from the Communist Party by Stalin and eventually assassinated in Mexico (1879-1940)
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(rgloss)
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11352035-n:
Russian writer of stories and novels and plays (1818-1883)
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(rgloss)
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11355537-n:
Russian ballet dancer (1910-1998)
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(rgloss)
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11369444-n:
Russian poet (born in 1933)
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(rgloss)
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11403015-n:
Russian poet who expressed the feelings of the post-Stalinist generation (born in 1933)
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(rgloss)
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13614467-n:
a former Russian unit of area equal to 2.7 acres
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13652443-n:
a Russian unit of length (71 cm)
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13652799-n:
a Russian unit of length (1.067 km)
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13718838-n:
a Russian unit of weight equal to approximately 36 pounds
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