tomar
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' tomar' , de etimología dudosa. Puede rechazarse la base onomatopéyica TŬMB, que defiende Spitzer Notes étym. (RFE XIII, 121-126) y acepta REW 8975, pues de ninguna manera puede equipararse el fr. tomber o el cast.-gall. tumbar con tomar; de escaso interés es la suposición MUTUĀRE ' tomar prestado' de G. Paris Rec. RF (p. 133), Settegast Rom. Etym. (pp. 237ss), aceptada aún por G. de Diego Dicc. 4525. Otra hipótesis es el lat. AUTŬMĀRE ' afirmar' de Rajna Discussioni y Jud Tomar, a la que Corominas DCELC presta gran atención, basándose en que la palabra se emplea espec. en textos legales con la acepción ' apoderarse de algo' ' quitarlo' ; como en otras palabras, Corominas quiere olvidar que los textos legales son casi los únicos que tenemos en los primeros tiempos. Semántica y fonéticamente esta base tampoco convence. Finalmente Diez Etymol. p. 492 pensaba en origen germ., pero a nadie ha convencido su hipótesis. Formas: tomar 28.30, 29.10, 37.58, 65.9 (c. 43), 128.74, 132.45, 147.15,30, 153.2, 154.11, 192.13, 209.46, 239.14, 243.45, 253.68, 274.71, 291.73, 308.31, 312.10, 317.37, 321.49, 324.15,17,6, 335.10,12 (c. 196), 336.40, 340.26, 356.23, 373.9, 377.10, 402.9 (c. 250), 415.21,29, 417.3, 420.26, 426.9,19, 431.20, 434.31 "que o coydauã - aas mãos", 460.4, 473.27,3, 482.23, 484.7, 491.16, 501.7, 505.3, 516.3, 524.36, 528.42,2, 531.14, 535.21, 538.4, 543.11, 544.13 (c. 374), 546.8, 547.8, 553.14 (c. 382), 560.19, 570.5, 583.9, 588.17, 596.15, 601.25, 602.15, 605.31, 614.10, 623.25, 633.18,19,11, 634.21, 645.86, 673.8, 675.28,52, 676.12,18, 677.13, 17, 684.22, 687.47, 696.22, 708.14, 729.8, 736.5 740.17, 746.5, 750.38, 762.7, 764.11, 785.11, 789.20, 802.50,53, 805.128, 813.219, 861.4 (c. 598), 873.20, 875.1,8, 881.1,4,7 (c. 621), tomarlo 83.6, tomala 405.15; toma 264.8, 646.10, tomamos 550.30; tomaua ' yo' 481.7, 'él' 78.7, 166.5, 200.40, 405.14, 482.29, 531.16, 669.11, 684.24, 718.19-20, tomauallj 260.17, tomaualho 531.18, tomauã 242.28, 314.14, 373.8, 485.35, 494.19, 495.35, 521.10,12, 567.13, 621.54, tomauam 518.15; tomara 56.27, 120.23, 249.9, 301.21, 303.14,22, 414.11, 509.10 (c. 343), 553.7, 609.44, 701.9, 722.32, 800.27, 853.49, tomarã 174.51, 677.32; tomey 496.35, 626.16, tomaschelle 240.42, tomou 8.43, 10.4, 22.8 (c. 15), 25.5,10, 33.9, 56.30, 66.14,15, 69.27,8, 73.9, 75.8 (c. 51), 77.22, 86.1, 124.23, 125.1, 129.94, 131.11, 138.58, 140.36, 156.6, 169.73, 177.44, 178.66,78, 180.14, 199.91,98, 200.41, 201.70, 202.82,12, 211.1, 212.1 (c. 125), 215.71,4,10, 216.4, 217.10, 227.28, 235.48, 238.29, 259.34,36, 260.20, 266.20, 271.15, 276.34, 286.14, 294.34,12, 297.20, 298.39, 302.55,57, 303.11, 309.29, 314.15,16, 316.5,7, 318.13, 319.32, 322.2, 324.1., 328.14 (c. 191), 329.12, 330.26, 333.50, 342.5, 349.11,13, 351.9, 354.22,5, 355.31, 363.46, 364.3, 373.5, 374.1,3 (c. 229), 377.5,6,8, 382.1, 387.27, 400.16, 401.28, 403.1,4, 408.3, 409.6, 411.16, 412.18, 416.9, 427.40, 453.14, 454.15,16, 455.5, 462.7, 463.45, 466.7 (c. 305), 470.8, 472.14, 481.14, 497.2, 498.34, 505.19, 510.1,5, 518.24, 546.4, 547.4 (2 v.), 548.10, 565.19, 580.2 (c. 399), 581.10,15, 584.42, 587.13, 591.8, 592.42, 599.11, 603.11, 612.23, 834.2, 635.3, 645.73,88, 649.16, 650.4, 657.23, 675.28, 678.32, 687.46, 688.20, 691.8, 700.26,31, 701.8, 704.26, 707.4, 717.22, 721.14, 727.24, 730.21, 732.29, 743.18, 750.34, 752.15, 756.6 (2 v.),8, 761.49, 764.13, 765.11-12, 773.11, 784.30, 801.39, 805.1, 806.3, 821.9 (c. 554), 825.13, 846.2 (c. 579), 852.25,39, 859.6, 861.5 (c. 598), 877.58, 893.18, 895.20, 902.89, tomov 494.16, tomoa 156.13, 212.5 (c. 125), 215.76, 274.86, 319.21, 485.29, 681.5, 779.12, 797.28, 853.63, 893.20, tomoua 51.7, 324.10, 367.11, 432.5, 448.15, 688.18-19, tomoas 737.37, tomouas 18.29, 49.53, 55.14, tomouhas 564.24, tomouo 4.33, 70.14, 276.33, 324.10, 388.15, 439.8, 442.9, 540.16, 541.16, 737.36, tomoo 87.1, 154.27, 171.108, 248.28, 249.11, 274.92, 505.22, 539.4, 707.38, 708.15, 737.36, 756.5, tomouhos 440.29, tomoos 6.41 "et - aly... a noyte", 121.6 (c. 79), tomoulla 374.8, tomoulle 730.3, tomovlle 777.4 (c. 530), tomoule 7.12, 22.8 (c. 15), tomoullj 311.16, 705.7, 718.3, tomoulles 31.8, tomoulhis 534.29, 546.7, tomoullis 310.46, 618.46, tomousse 32.18 "logo que ysto oyo - cõ hũus poucos de caualleyros que y fficaram cõ el", 234.37 " - cõ aquelles que ficauã... et fugiu", tomouse 42.92 "B. - entõçe a enriçarse", tomastes 702.34, tomarõ 8.45, 12.24, 76.17, 138.56, 140.35, 160.7, 181.47, 210.58,63, 219.31, 229.7,8, 230.21, 236.76, 247.16, 248.29,30, 249.14, 250.6, 251.21, 256.40, 258.16, 278.38-39, 285.10, 286.23, 288.16, 292.80, 318.10, 321.41, 329.15, 336.36, 337.43, 364.5 (c. 218), 373.1,12, 390.47, 419.14, 422.22, 426.12, 432.39, 462.19, 479.15, 502.10, 503.19, 504.5 (c. 338), 520.3, 538.13 (c. 368), 551.3, 577.30, 585.19, 597.13, 598.41-42, 600.1, 602.22, 605.19, 608.29, 631.17, 633.20, 634.6, 649.5, 663.37, 698.27, 700.29, 704.23, 720.42, 733.13, 740.7, 741.26,27, 754.17, 755.29, 771.34, 773.13, 774.19, 785.21, 797.19, 805.143, 807.51, 813.239, 828.36, 862.23, 871.19, 889.34, tomaron 238.33, tomarom 23.10 (c. 16), tomarõna 12.20, 161.18, 241.60, 247.69, 250.6, 373.4, 790.31, 798.13, tomarõnas 598.39, tomarono 707.34, tomarõno 199.95, 241.48, 288.17, 395.4, 400.23, 401.13, 728.37, 771.38, tomaronos 808.60, tomarõlle 182.55, tomarõllj 135.38, 510.10, tomarõlli 598.40,47, tomaronllj 622.11, tomaronlhi 606.46, tomarõsse 177.40 "quando aquelo oyu dõna Sancha et seus fillos - de rijr", 455.21 "entõ - todos os mellores... et seyrõ"; tomarey 180.24, 363.60-61, 376.14, 456.27, 547.7, 609.13, 630.22, 714.35,37,38, tomalo ey 634.27, tomara 377.50, 378.26, tomarã 7.18; tomaria ' yo' 114.103, 'él' 126.26, 424.15 (c. 272), 497.15, 535.23, 599.22; toma 180.21, tomao 394.51, tomemos 181.42, tomade 291.64, 566.32, 580.15, 591.13, 612.32; tome ' yo' 134.44, tomes 645.72, tome ' él' 623.30, 634.23, 717.31, tomemos 98.40, 181.40, 495.12, 496.19, 605.15, tomedes 133.34, 195.14, 420.24, 429.4, 579.71, 606.50, 617.17, 683.33-34, 697.10, 723.13, tomẽ 547.27, 623.30; tomasse 126.25, 333.40, 472.17, 475.7,10 (c. 314), 484.6, 489.26, 497.3,14, 518.14, 537.3-4, 544.12 (c. 374), 547.7, 569.15, 588.6, 641.9, 676.18, 686.12, 692.6, 708.23, 736.20, 761.46, 762.9-10, 895.11, tomase 10.9, 381.13, 386.17, 839.28, tomassẽ 235.42, 285.8, 440.18, 537.12, 823.15, tomasem 424.13 (c. 272), tomassen 76.15-16, tomassem 500.22, 524.31, 563.10, 646.20, 755.28, 785.20, 847.8-9, 872.30; tomardes 107.63, tomarẽ 370.4 (c. 226), 601.34; tomando 837-838, 838.18-19, 885.5, tomãdo 609.46, 820.12 (c. 552), tomãdolos 862.9 (c. 598); tomada 209.53, 213.29, 241.58, 805.9, tomadas 180.10 "ouuerõ - muytas aues", 258.15, tomado 88.7, 201.76, 300.8, 320.20, 325.2-3, 466.7-8, 546.5, 677.4, 713.19, 714.44,47, 721.29, 762.9, 781.23, 807.27, 830.4-5, 842.4, 890.6 (c. 633), tomados 320.20-21 "ca llis auia - seus herdamentos", 482.5, 744.34. Desde el s. XII: a. 1152 (copia) "queimena por aleiuosa e tomem todo suo auer" (PMH Leges 380); Johan Airas (1078, 1468) "que del non aya scarnho a tomar" (10); Fernand' Esquio (903, 1299) "direiuolo, senhora, poys hi tomastes perfia" (8), etc., etc. Otros ejs. en C. Michaëlis Gloss. CA p. 89; Lapa Escarnho s.v.; Morais y E. Rodríguez. Cfr. Pidal Cid p. 868-869 y Corominas DCELC. |